Research Library

Technical articles, mechanistic reviews, and research guides, organized by biological system. No conclusions beyond the evidence.
Regenerative System
The Molecule of Time – The Compound Your Body Makes and Gradually Stops Making

Somewhere between your twenties and your sixties, your body quietly reduces its production of a molecule that science believes sits at the center of your capacity to regenerate. This molecule has three amino acids. And almost no one knows its name.

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Regenerative System
The Copper That Builds – An Ancient Mineral and Three Amino Acids in Tissue Regeneration Research

The Copper That Builds, how an ancient mineral and three amino acids became an object of research in tissue regeneration

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GH Axis System
The Sleeping Cells – IGF-1 LR3 and the Biology of Muscle Satellite Cells

The Sleeping Cells That May Change What We Understand About Muscle Growth

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Regenerative System
The Surprised Genome – When a Three-Amino-Acid Molecule Met the Human Genome

The Surprised Genome, when MIT researchers pointed a three-amino acid molecule at the human genome, the result surprised everyone, including them

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Mitochondrial Energy System
The Guardians of the Genome – NAD+ and the Seven Sirtuins

The Guardians of the Genome Need Permission to Act, and NAD+ Is the Key

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Mitochondrial Energy System
The Molecule That Reached the Heart – SS-31 and Mitochondrial Cardiology

How a synthetic tetrapeptide traveled through decades of science and reached Phase III clinical trials for one of the most difficult heart conditions to treat, and what that reveals about the future of mitochondrial research.

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Neural & Cognitive System
The Knowledge That Stayed Behind the Curtain – The History of Semax

It was the late 1970s. The Cold War was at its peak. While the two superpowers competed for space and for nuclear arsenals, a group of scientists at the Russian Academy of Sciences worked on an apparently very different problem: how to enhance the cognitive function of military pilots and cosmonauts under extreme stress conditions.

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Neural & Cognitive System
The Protein Your Brain Uses to Learn – Semax and the BDNF/TrkB Axis

There is a protein in your brain that decides what you will remember. It is not a neurotransmitter. It is not a hormone. It is a protein called BDNF, Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor. And over the past twenty years, it has become one of the objects of desire of modern neuroscience.

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GH Axis System
The Cascade That Controls Cell Growth – IGF-1 LR3 and PI3K/Akt/mTOR

At the heart of cell-growth biology there is a sequence of proteins that activate in a chain. Understanding that cascade, and how to manipulate it experimentally, is one of the most active frontiers of modern biochemistry.

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Regenerative System
Why Research Chose the Fragment – TB-500 and the Future of Molecular Biology

Regenerative System • TB-500 • Translational Research • Fragment Biology

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Mitochondrial Energy System
The Peptide Your Body Makes When You Move

Scientists discovered that physical exercise triggers the production of a molecule called MOTS-c directly within the mitochondria. Now, researchers are investigating what happens when that signal is amplified, or when it fades with age.

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GH Axis System
Hacking the Hormone – How CJC-1295 Was Engineered Amino Acid by Amino Acid

How scientists redesigned one of the body’s own molecules, four letters at a time, to create one of the most studied tools in longevity research.

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